ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻭﺭﺣﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻭﺑﺮﻛﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﺧﻮﺗﻲ ﺍﻷﻓﺎﺿﻞ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﺍﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺳﻌﻲ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻴﺖ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﻭﺑﻌﺜﺖ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺩﻓﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻻً ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻜﺮﺍً ﻋﻠﻲّ ﻭﺳﺄﺿﻊ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺎً ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﺎﺗﻢ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺘﻪ ======= English Is Confusing ﺍﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻜﺔ “Good evening, everybody!” said the teacher, Donna. “Where is everybody?” That was sort of a daily joke by Donna. Usually the class started with only two or three students present, and then filled up as the minutes went by. ﻣﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ" ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺩﻭﻧﺎ : ﺃﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ " ؟ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﻮﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺩﻭﻧﺎ . ﻓﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﺤﻀﻮﺭ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻤﺘﻸ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ . It was summertime. Summer school was only eight weeks long. Class attendance was always smaller than during fall and spring semesters. ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﻓﻘﻂ . ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﻮﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﻮﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼﻠﻴﺎﻟﺨﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ . “I don’t know, teacher. Maybe they late or no come,” said one student. “Maybe watching TV football tonight.” ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ" ﻻ ﺍﻋﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺘﺎﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﻮﺭ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺄﺗﻮﻥ " " ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﻫﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ" . “Is there a soccer game tonight? It seemslike there’s a soccer game every night. Oh, well. Let’s get started, okay? We’re on page 36 in the workbook. ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ؟ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺍﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ. ﺃﻭﻩ ، ﺟﻴﺪ. ﺩﻋﻨﺎ ﻧﺒﺪﺃ ، ﺣﺴﻨﺎ؟ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ 36 ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ. Tonight we’re studying participles as adjectives. Students are always confused when they learn about the present and past participles, so we will practice this a lot. Tonight, we’re just going to practice the present participle. ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺳﻨﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻛﺼﻔﺔ , ﻭﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ , ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻧﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ . ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ . “The present participle tells us what emotion or feeling the subject is causing. For example, ‘Grammar is boring’ means that the subject—grammar—causes an emotion of boredom. ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻳﺨﺒﺮﻧﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻧﻔﻌﺎﻟﻮﺷﻌﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ " ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﻣﻤﻞ " ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ " ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ" ﻗﺪ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﻞ If we say, ‘The movie is interesting,’ we are saying that the movie causes a feeling of interest. ﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﻟﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻨﺎ " ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻢ ﺷﻴﻖ " ﺃﻱ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻢ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ . If we say, ‘The roller coaster is exciting,’ we are saying that the roller coaster causes a feeling of excitement. Any questions so far? Am I confusing you? Is everyone confused?” ﻭﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ " ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺭﻭﻟﺮ ﻛﻮﺳﺘﺮ ﻣﻤﺘﻌﻪ" ﻧﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺭﻭﻟﺮ ﻛﻮﺳﺘﺮ ﺗﺴﺒﺒﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻌﻮﺭﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻹﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ" . " ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻱ ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ " " ﻫﻞ ﺃﺭﺑﻜﺘﻢ " " ﻫﻞ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ؟" . The classroom was quiet. Donna looked at blank faces. They were confused. She knew this would take a while. ﺳﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻭﺀ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺭﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ , ﻧﻈﺮﺕ ﺩﻭﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻙ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﺮﻕ ﺑﺮﻫﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ . But eventually, the faster students would grasp it, and then they would help the slower students. By the end of the evening, most of the class would feel comfortable using the present participle. ﻭﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺍﻷﺫﻛﻴﺎﺀ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺛﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﺫﻛﺎﺀً ﻓﻲ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻪ , ﻭﺑﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻳﺸﻌﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﻭﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ . Donna erased the board and put some new examples on it. She loved guiding her students through difficult topics like this one. She always felt a little bit thrilled when the look of understanding came to their faces. ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺩﻭﻧﺎ ﺑﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺈﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﻃﻼﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺒﺔ . ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﻔﺮﺣﺔ ﻏﺎﻣﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﻃﻼﺑﻬﺎ . ﺃﺗﻤﻨﻰ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ
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